Today we are going to learn how to change a sentence from active voice to passive voice through this post.I include all the previous year questions and answers of voice change of HSLC examination.I hope the students will get much help from this post.
Voice দুই প্ৰকাৰৰ ।
Active voice (কৰ্তৃ বাচ্য)
Passive voice(কৰ্ম বাচ্য)
Active voice:- সাধাৰণতে active voiceৰ বাক্যত sub টো আৰম্ভণিতে থাকে।
যেনে:- চিকাৰী জনে বাঘটো মাৰিলে।
ইয়াত চিকাৰী জনে কামটো কৰিছে গতিকে চিকাৰী জন বাক্যটোৰ sub . আৰু ই বাক্যটোৰ আৰম্ভণিতে আছে।
Passive voice:- passive voice ৰ বাক্য সাধাৰণতে object টোৱে আৰম্ভ হয়।
যেনে:-বাঘটো চিকাৰী জনৰ দ্বাৰা মৰা হ'ল।
Active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice কৰাৰ নিয়ম।
1) Active voice ৰ object টো passive voiceৰ sub হিচাপে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
কিছুমান object , sub লৈ নিওতে তলত দিয়া ধৰণে পৰিবৰ্তন হয়।
ইয়াৰ বাহিৰে অন্যobject, subject লৈ নিলে পৰিবৰ্তন নহয়।একে থাকিব।
2) passive voiceলৈ নিওতে দ্বিতীয়তে tense অনুসৰি এটা be verb ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
বাক্যটো present indefiniteহলে am/is/are ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
বাক্যটো present continuous tenseৰ হ'লে am/is/are +being ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়
বাক্যটো present perfect tenseৰ হ'লে have/has +been ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়
বাক্যটো past indefinite tenseহলে was/were ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
Past continuousহলে was/were + being ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
Past perfect tenseহলে had beenব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়
Future indefinite হ'লে shall/will+be ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
3/passive voice লৈ নিওতে সদায় verb টোpast participle formলৈ নিব লাগে।
4/by ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি active voiceৰ subটো object কৰা হয়। কিন্তু verb টো know থাকিলে passive voiceলৈ নিওতে by ৰ সলনি to ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
(ইয়াৰ বাহিৰে অন্য sub থাকিলে objectলৈ নিওত কোনো পৰিবৰ্তন নহয়)
Present indefinite
Q.Change the voice.
1)We eat rice.
=Rice is eaten by us.
2)They play football everyday.
=Football is played by them everyday.
3)He likes mangoes.
=Mangoes are liked by him.
4)My father reads newspaper.
=Newspaper is read by my father.
5)We know him.
=He is known to us.
Present continuous
Q.Change the voice.
1)He is playing football now.
=Football is being played by him now.
2)The workers are doing the work.
=The work is being done by the workers.
3)He is writing a letter.
=A letter is being written by him.
4)The doctor is examining the patients.
=The patients are being examined by the doctor.
5)We are learning English.
=English is being learnt by us.
Present perfect
Q.Change the voice.
1)We have completed the work.
=The work has been completed by us.
2)The workers have built the bridge.
=The bridge has been built by the workers.
3)He has finished the work.
=The work has been finished by him.
4)They have decorated the room.
=The room has been decorated by them.
5)The postman has delivered the letters.
=The letters have been delivered by the postman.
Past indefinite
Q Change the voice.
1)The hunter killed the tiger.
=The tiger was killed by the hunter.
2)I met the man yesterday.
=The man was met by me yesterday.
3)I posted the letter.
=The letter was posted by me.
4) The girl sang a song.
=A song was sung by the girl.
5)They completed the homeworks.
= The homeworks were completed by them.
Past continuous
Q.Change the voice.
1)They were playing football.
=Football was being played by them.
2)The boy was reading a book.
=A book was being read by the boy.
3)My father was reading newspaper.
=Newspaper was being read by my father.
4)The workers were doing the work.
=The work was being done by the workers.
5) Gopal was playing cricket.
=Cricket was being played by Gopal.
Past perfect
Q.Change the voice.
1)He had finished the work.
=The work had been finished by him
Future indefinite
1)The mechanic will repair my car.
=My car will be repaired by the mechanic.
2)They will play football.
=Football will be played by them.
3)He will finish the work.
=The work will be finished by him.
যদি active voiceৰ verb টো group verb হয় তেতিয়া passive voiceলৈ নিওতে verbটোৰ পিছত থকা prepositionটো verb ৰ পিছতে থাকে।
যেনে:-i)They are laughing at the old man.
=The old man is being laughed at by them.
(Laugh at:-ইতিকিং কৰা)
ii)The headmaster presided over the meeting.
=The meeting was presided over by the headmaster.
(Preside over:- সভাপতিত্ব কৰা)
iii) The headmaster gave away the prizes.
=The prizes were given away by the headmaster.
(Give away:-বিলাই দিয়া)
যদি বাক্যটোত দুটা object থাকে তেতিয়া বাক্যটো passive voiceলৈ নিওতে সাধাৰণতে person object টো বাহিৰলৈ sub হিচাপে ওলাই আহে আৰু আনটোobject, verbৰ পিছত থাকি যায়
যেনে:-He gave me a book.(সি মোক এখন কিতাপ দিছিল।)
এই বাক্যটোত দুটাobject আছে।
কি দিছিল?---book(কিতাপ)(object)
কাক দিছিল?------me (মোক)(person object)
He gave me a book.
=I was given a book by him.
They elected him secretary.
=He was elected secretary by them.
Note:-বাক্যটোত may, might, can, could, should, must, থাকিলে passive voice লৈ নিওতে ইয়াৰ পিছত be ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
যেনে:-1)I can do it.
=It can be done by me.
2)We should respect our elders.
=Our elders should be respected by us.
Note:- বাক্যটোত don't বা doesn't থাকিলে passive voiceলৈ নিওতে ইয়াৰ সলনি am/is/are + not ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
যেনে:-1)He doesn't know me.
=I am not known to him.
2)I don't like coffee .
=Coffee is not liked by me.
Note:-বাক্যটোত didn't থাকিলে passive voice লৈ নিওতে ইয়াৰ সলনি was/were +not ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
1)He didn't meet me.
=I was not met by him.
2)I didn't buy the book.
=The book was not bought by me.
Interrogative sentenceৰ passive voice
#Interrogative sentence (প্ৰশ্ন বোধক বাক্য) ৰ আৰম্ভণিতে Do বা Does থাকিলে ইয়াৰ সলনি am/is/are ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
Do you know me?
এই প্ৰশ্ন বোধক বাক্যটো passive voice কৰোতে Do ৰ সলনি am/is/are ৰ কোনটো ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হ'ব তাৰ কাৰণে আমি বাক্যটোৰ object টো চাব লাগিব।এই বাক্যটোৰ objectটো me আৰু sub লৈ নিলে হ'ব 'I'.
গতিকে 'I'লগত am ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
সেই বাবে do ৰ সলনি am ব্যৱহাৰ হ'ব।
Do you know me
=Am I known to you?
#Do ৰ সলনি am/is/are ব্যৱহাৰ কৰাৰ পিছত object টো sub কৰা হয়।
#ইয়াৰ পিছত verb টো past participleকৰা হয়।
1)Does he take tea?
=Is tea taken by him?
2)Do you read novel?
=Is novel read by you?
3)Do they play football?
=Is football played by them.
4)Does the man know you?
=Are you known to the man.
5)Does your sister cook rice?
=Is rice cooked by your sister.
#প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্যটোৰ আৰম্ভণিতে didn'tথাকিলে passive voiceলৈ নিওতে ইয়াৰ সলনি was/were ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় অন্য সকলো নিয়ম একে হ'ব।
যেনে:-Did you buy the book?
=Was the book bought by you?
প্ৰশ্ন বোধক বাক্যটো Who ৰে আৰম্ভ হ'লে passive voiceলৈ নিওতে By whom ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
1/Who has broken the window?
=By whom has the window been broken?
#who ৰ পিছত থকা verb টো present formত থাকিলে passive voiceলৈ নিওতে-
1) Whoৰ সলনি by who ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
2) active voiceৰ object অনুসৰি am/is/are ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
3) active voiceৰ objectটো sub কৰা হয়।
4)verb টো past participle formলৈ নিব লাগে।
যেন:-Who does the work?
=By whom is the work done?
#who ৰ পিছত am/is/are আৰু verb ৰ লগত ing লাগি থাকিলে passive voiceলৈ নিওতে-
1)who ৰ সলনি by whom ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
2) active voiceৰ objectঅনুসৰি (am/is/are) ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
3) objectটো sub কৰা হয়।
4) being ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
5)verb টো past participleকৰা হয়।
যেনে:-Who is doing the work?
= By whom is the work being done?
i)Who is playing football?
=By whom is football being played?
ii)Who is cooking rice?
=By whom is rice being cooked ?
iii)Who is examining the patients?
=By whom are the patients being examined?
#প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্যটোত who ৰ পিছতhaveবা has থাকিলে আৰু verb টো past participleহৈ থাকিলে passive voiceলৈ নিওতে—
1)who ৰ সলনি by whom ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
2) active voiceৰ objectঅনুসৰি have বা has ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
3) objectটো sub কৰা হয়।
4) beenব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
5)verbটো ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
যেনে:- Who has stolen your watch?
=By whom has your watch been stolen?
i)Who has invited you?
=By whom have you invited?
ii)Who has completed the work?
=By whom has the work been completed?
iii)Who has killed the tiger?
=By whom has the tiger been killed?
প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্যটোত who ৰ পিছত থকা verb টো past formত থাকিলে passive voiceলৈ নিওতে—
1)who ৰ সলনি by whom ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
2) active voiceৰ objectঅনুসৰি was বা were ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
3) objectটো sub কৰা হয়l
5)verbটো past participle form লৈ নিব লাগে।
যেনে:- Who did the work?
=By whom was the work done?
Who killed the bird?
=By whom was the bird killed?
#প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্যটোত who ৰ পিছত may, might, can , could , should, must থাকিলে passive voice লৈ নিওতে —-
1)Who ৰ সলনি by whom ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
2) বাক্যটোত may, might, can, could, should, must যিটোৱে থাকে সেইটোকে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব লাগে।
উদাহৰণ স্বৰূপে যদি বাক্যটোত can থাকে তেতিয়া বাক্যটোpassive voice লৈ নিওতে by whomৰ পিছত can আহিব।
3) objectটো sub কৰা হয়।
4) be ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
5)verbটো past participle formলৈ নিব লাগে।
যেনে:-Who can do it?
=By whom can it be done?
Who should do the work?
=By whom should the work be done?
Voice change HSLC1998 -2022
Hslc1998
1)The patient is being examined by a doctor.
=A doctor is examining the patients.
2)We have completed the arrangements for the fair.
=The arrangements for the fair have been completed by us.
Hslc1999
1)He was taken to hospital.
=Someone took him to hospital.
2)The dog bites strangers.
=Strangers are bitten by the dog.
Hslc2000
1)The bridge was completed in a record time.
=The workers completed the bridge in a record time.
2)You should not raise this question now.
=This question should not be raised by you now.
Hslc2001
1)Was a tiger killed by the hunter.
=Did the hunter kill the tiger?
2)They say that he is a saint.
=It is said by them that he is a saint.
Hslc2002
1)The stage was decorated by the students.
=The students decorated the stage.
2) People speak English all over the world.
=English is spoken all over the world.
(By people লিখিব নালাগে)
Hslc2003
1)The tiger was killed by the hunter.
=The hunter killed the tiger.
2)A doctor is examining the patients.
=The patients are being examined by a doctor.
Hslc2004
1)They have completed the work.
=The work has been completed by them.
2)Some boys broke the window pans.
=The window pans were broken by some boys.
Hslc2005
1)My book has been stolen.
=Someone has stolen my book.
2)The teacher is correcting our copies.
=Our copies are being corrected by the teacher.
Hslc2006
1)I don't know his address.
=His address is not known to me.
2)Our teacher buys books every month.
=Books are bought by our teacher every month.
Hslc2007
1)The lady helps the poor.
=The poor are helped by the lady.
2)I have posted the letter.
=The letter has been posted by me.
Hslc 2008
1)The hunter killed the tiger?
=The tiger was killed by the hunter.
2)He is writing a letter.
=A letter is being written by him.
Hslc2009
1)I have bought a few books.
=A few books have been bought by me.
2)The workers repaired the bridge.
=The bridge was repaired by the workers.
Hslc2010
1)I delivered all the letters.
=All the letters were delivered by me.
2)We discussed the matter thoroughly.
=The matter was discussed thoroughly by us.
Hslc2011
1)The grandmother looks after the child.
=The child is looked after by the grandmother.
2)The members elected him secretary.
=He was elected secretary by the members.
Hslc2012
1)By whom can this be done?
=Who can do this?
2) Children like sweets.
=Sweets are liked by children.
Hslc2014
1) Accidents are caused by carelessness.
=Carelessness causes accidents.
2)Who did this work?
=By whom was this work done?
Hslc2015
a)We were surprised at his conduct.
=His conduct surprised us.
b)Why did your father refuse such an honorable job?
=Why was such an honorable job refused by your father?
Hslc2016
a)The students elected him secretary.
=He was elected secretary by the students.
b)The stage was decorated by the students.
=The students decorated the stage.
Hslc2017
a) People speak English all over the world.
=English is spoken all over the world.
b) America was discovered by Columbus.
=Columbus discovered America.
Hslc2018
1)The letters have been posted.
=The postman has posted the letters.
2)He did the work alone.
=The work was done alone by him .
Hslc2019
1)I have lost my English textbook.
=My English textbook has been lost.
2)He was punished for his misconduct.
=The teacher punished him for his misconduct.
Hslc2020
a)I don't know his brother.
=His brother is not known to me.
b) English is spoken by many people all over the world.
=Many people speak English all over the world.
Hslc2022
a)Shakespeare wrote the play, Hamlet.
=The play, Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
b)My pen has been stolen.
=Someone has stolen my pen.